Laws of Solutions
Laws of Solutions Henry’s Law Henry’s Law states that at a constant temperature, the amount of a gas that dissolves in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid. Mathematically, it can be expressed as: C=kH⋅PC = k_H \cdot PC=kH⋅P where: CCC is the concentration of the gas in the liquid. kHk_HkH is Henry’s Law constant for the gas in a particular solvent. PPP is the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. This law is particularly useful in understanding the behavior of gases in solutions, such as the dissolution of carbon dioxide in water to form carbonated beverages. Raoult’s Law Raoult’s Law describes the vapor pressure of an ideal solution as a function of the vapor pressures of the pure components and their mole fractions in the solution. It states that the partial vapor pressure of each volatile component in the solution is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. Mathemat...